Environmental Fiscal Instruments: A Few International Experiences

International Environmental Agreements, Fiscal Federalism, and Constitutional Design1

In this paper, we analyse how the prospect of international negotiations over transboundary pollution shapes intra-country transfer schemes when the governments of the countries’polluting regions are in charge of environmental policy and negotiations. Federal governments can implement compensation payments between domestic regions and matching grants prior to the international negotiations betw...

National Curriculum: What Do International Experiences Say?

The conceptions, practices and efforts of some education systems in ten countries and four continents of the world, in area of national curriculum, have been reviewed and analyzed in this inquiry to represent a brief look of their experiences and obtain some guidelines for delineating and developing national curriculum. The methodology in this inquiry has been descriptive and analytical researc...

Market-based Environmental Policy Instruments

International Dimensions of Fiscal Policy Transmission ∗

This paper analyzes the transmission of fiscal policy shocks in economies at different degrees of integration into global goods markets. First, using a quantitative business cycle model, we show that trade integration (measured by openness) does not alter the effects of government spending on output, but mutes the negative impact of government spending shocks on private demand. In fact, for ver...

Adopting New International Health Instruments – What Can We Learn From the FCTC?; Comment on “The Legal Strength of International Health Instruments - What It Brings to Global Health Governance?”

This Commentary forms a response to Nikogosian’s and Kickbusch’s forward-looking perspective about the legal strength of international health instruments. Building on their arguments, in this commentary we consider what we can learn from the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) for the adoption of new legal international health instruments.